Capitalism Generally refers to an economic system in which the means of production are all or mostly privately owned and operated for profit , and in which investments , distribution , income , production and pricing of goods and services are determined through the operation of a market economy . It is usually considered to involve the right of individuals and groups of individuals acting as "legal persons" or corporations to trade capital goods , labor , land and money . Capitalism has been dominant in the Western world since the break up of feudalism , but some feel that the term " mixed economies " more precisely describes most contemporary economies,due to these economies containing both private-owned and state-owned enterprises , or that combines elements of capitalism and socialism , or a mix of market economy and planned economy characteristics. Theories of capitalism as a coherent economic system derive from the mid-nineteenth century. [7] In the late ...